Niagara Parents Knowledge Base (To be used by Healthcare Professionals only - DO NOT SHARE EXTERNALLY) > Child Health > Physical Health
Concussions

References:

  1. MyHealth.Alberta.ca – Concussions and head injuries in children: Care instructions
  2. Parachute – Concussion


What is a Concussion?

  • A brain injury caused by a hit or impact to the head, face, or neck, a fall, or a blow to the body that causes the head and brain to move back and forth
  • Concussions are possible even if there is no loss of consciousness
  • A doctor can diagnose a concussion based on signs and symptoms
  • Concussions cannot be seen on X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs


How Can Concussions be Prevented?

  • Follow the rules of sports and activities
  • Wear proper fitting equipment
  • Train and play at skill appropriate levels
  • Helmets can prevent serious head injuries, however they are not proven to prevent concussions


Signs and Symptoms of a Concussion:

  • Some signs and symptoms can show up right away and some can show hours later
  • Signs and symptoms can change over time
  • Symptoms typically last 7-10 days
  • Most children fully recover within 1 month
  • If your child has had a previous concussion, it may take longer to recover


Physical Symptoms

Cognitive Symptoms

Emotional Symptoms

Sleep Related Symptoms

  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Blurred vision
  • Sensitivity to light
  • Ringing in ears
  • Difficulties with balance
  • Drowsiness
  • Slowed reaction time
  • Feeling dazed
  • Confusion
  • Hard time concentrating, paying attention, or remembering
  • Anxiety
  • Depression
  • Irritability
  • Hard time waking up, falling asleep, or staying asleep


Seek Medical Attention Immediately if These Symptoms are Present:

  • Neck pain or tenderness
  • Double vision
  • Weakness or tingling sensation in arms or legs
  • Severe or increasing headache
  • Seizure
  • Loss of consciousness
  • Deteriorating consciousness
  • Vomiting multiple times
  • Increasing confusion
  • Agitation or other behaviours that are different than usual


Concussion Treatment:

  • Typically a short period of rest, followed by a gradual return to activity under medical supervision
  • Rest and avoiding another head injury is crucial
  • If your child is doing well after 1-2 days of rest, it is recommended to slowly start more activity
  • Avoid intense physical and mental activities


How Do I Help My Child Recover After a Concussion?

  • Give prescribed medications as directed by a healthcare provider
  • Make sure your child is eating and drinking enough
  • Limit caffeine
  • Avoid screen time
  • It is no longer recommended to wake up your child to see if they are ok, as sleep is very important after a concussion
  • If your child is not better in 4 weeks, consult with your healthcare provider


Further Your Learning:

  1. Government of Canada – Concussion: Symptoms and Treatment


Shareable Resources For Clients:

  1. Parachute – Concussions
  2. MyHealth.Alberta.ca – Concussions and head injuries in children: Care instructions